This lab includes a theoretical explanation of how buffers work and how they are made, including a derivation of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Students will use what they have learned to ...

Sodium hydroxide is added to a cylinder of aluminum nitrate, precipitating out aluminum hydroxide. When additional base is added, the precipitate dissolves. The reactions can then be reversed with the ...

An acid-base indicator is a substance that changes color as the pH of the solution changes. Indicators work because they are weak acids which when in solution, exist in equilibrium with their ...

A new study has been regarded as "very important" because it offers a new framework for understanding reactions in organic chemistry. In their study, the team addressed the cooperative role of ...